SPOTTING SUSPICIOUS MOLES
Most of the spots on our skin are perfectly harmless moles, collections of cells called melanocytes. But occasionally, these melanocytes turn cancerous, creating the potentially deadly skin tumor melanoma.
At Frontiers in Optics 2010, scientists at Duke University in Durham, N.C., will present a new technique that aims to help doctors distinguish melanomas from harmless moles using high-resolution snapshots of suspicious spots.
To visually inspect the surface of the skin, doctors can use a hand-held lens and a bright light or microscopes and a technique called dermoscopy. But recent studies have found that diagnoses based on these images are often incorrect, because only the surface is visible, and the dangerous changes take place too deep to be seen. "There's quite a bit of variability in the diagnoses provided this way,And they should be balanced out throughout the space. Avoid living with only Book scanner one general light fixture, which is often fixed in the center of the room.In fact, it's crucial. Having said that, sky lanterns provide excellent lighting and then some." said Thomas Matthews, a researcher at Duke. The best way to diagnose melanoma is still a biopsy -- the removal and analysis of a chunk of tissue from a growth -- but even then, experienced doctors often disagree on the diagnosis. This disagreement leads to false positives (which force unnecessary procedures and drive up healthcare costs) or false negatives (which can have fatal consequences).
Matthews and his colleagues at Duke's Center for Molecular and Biomolecular Imaging are adapting a laboratory imaging technique to provide new information about suspicious moles, both in vivo and in biopsy specimens.The task light should reach two-thirds of the counter. It is also important that the available compact fluorescent lighting will not shine people's eyes. You can avoid this by choosing shielded lights, or bulbs with mesh diffusers. Skin contains two kinds of pigments, or melanins: pheomelanin, which is reddish or yellow, and eumelanin, which is dark and brownish. Some studies have suggested that a change in the ratio of these two pigments could signal that a harmless mole has turned malignant.Larger kitchens may require one or more ceiling fixtures positioned in the center of the room. Additional perimeter led tube squares or rectangles of lights placed near the walls should be installed for added illumination. These can be in the form of recessed downlight or track lighting. On the other hand, small kitchens may require only either two or three ceiling mounted fixtures or downlight placed near the walls. Matthews' two-photon microscopy technique pumps a small amount of energy into the pigments (using much less power than a laser pointer), then watches the energy redistribute to give high-resolution images of their distributions in a spot of skin.
"No one has been able to look at where different melanins are organized in skin," said Matthews. "This opens up a whole new pathway of looking for melanoma." The most immediate application would be to reduce false positives and false negatives in interpreting biopsies; with further research,The kitchen is the place to bond with your solar panel toddler making cookies and gingerbread men. It is a place where family members meet together after a full day of activities in school and work. the scientists hope to better define how this information can be used to avoid biopsies altogether.
Most of the spots on our skin are perfectly harmless moles, collections of cells called melanocytes. But occasionally, these melanocytes turn cancerous, creating the potentially deadly skin tumor melanoma.
At Frontiers in Optics 2010, scientists at Duke University in Durham, N.C., will present a new technique that aims to help doctors distinguish melanomas from harmless moles using high-resolution snapshots of suspicious spots.
To visually inspect the surface of the skin, doctors can use a hand-held lens and a bright light or microscopes and a technique called dermoscopy. But recent studies have found that diagnoses based on these images are often incorrect, because only the surface is visible, and the dangerous changes take place too deep to be seen. "There's quite a bit of variability in the diagnoses provided this way,And they should be balanced out throughout the space. Avoid living with only Book scanner one general light fixture, which is often fixed in the center of the room.In fact, it's crucial. Having said that, sky lanterns provide excellent lighting and then some." said Thomas Matthews, a researcher at Duke. The best way to diagnose melanoma is still a biopsy -- the removal and analysis of a chunk of tissue from a growth -- but even then, experienced doctors often disagree on the diagnosis. This disagreement leads to false positives (which force unnecessary procedures and drive up healthcare costs) or false negatives (which can have fatal consequences).
Matthews and his colleagues at Duke's Center for Molecular and Biomolecular Imaging are adapting a laboratory imaging technique to provide new information about suspicious moles, both in vivo and in biopsy specimens.The task light should reach two-thirds of the counter. It is also important that the available compact fluorescent lighting will not shine people's eyes. You can avoid this by choosing shielded lights, or bulbs with mesh diffusers. Skin contains two kinds of pigments, or melanins: pheomelanin, which is reddish or yellow, and eumelanin, which is dark and brownish. Some studies have suggested that a change in the ratio of these two pigments could signal that a harmless mole has turned malignant.Larger kitchens may require one or more ceiling fixtures positioned in the center of the room. Additional perimeter led tube squares or rectangles of lights placed near the walls should be installed for added illumination. These can be in the form of recessed downlight or track lighting. On the other hand, small kitchens may require only either two or three ceiling mounted fixtures or downlight placed near the walls. Matthews' two-photon microscopy technique pumps a small amount of energy into the pigments (using much less power than a laser pointer), then watches the energy redistribute to give high-resolution images of their distributions in a spot of skin.
"No one has been able to look at where different melanins are organized in skin," said Matthews. "This opens up a whole new pathway of looking for melanoma." The most immediate application would be to reduce false positives and false negatives in interpreting biopsies; with further research,The kitchen is the place to bond with your solar panel toddler making cookies and gingerbread men. It is a place where family members meet together after a full day of activities in school and work. the scientists hope to better define how this information can be used to avoid biopsies altogether.
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