2010年12月14日 星期二

Light games with DNA

Light games with DNA

The diagnosis of hereditary diseases and the identification of genetic fingerprints hinge on high-sensitivity DNA imaging biotechnologies. These imaging tools detect specific genes in cells using fluorophores—fluorescent tags that can illuminate DNA structures—and quenchers that interact with these tags to prevent them from emitting light, effectively working as an ‘off switch’.

In a development that expands the detection toolbox and the genetic alphabet, a team led by Ichiro Hirao from the RIKEN Systems and Structural Biology Center,, but at night they really are useful as underwater fishing lights because they plastic slipcovers attract fish. You can stop the boat with the lights on and just watch and see what type of fish and other marine life come to visit right before your eyes! Yokohama, has now designed an artificial base pair between a fluorophore (Dss) and quenchers (Pn and Px)1. This method incorporates the pair into complementary DNA strands using polymerases and demonstrates that either Pn or Px can decrease the fluorescence of Dss upon hybridization (Fig. 1).

Hirao and his team previously developed artificial base pairs involving Dss because of its strong fluorescence, which could illuminate DNA and RNA structures. “This time, we can put out the candle lit by Dss using the quencher as its pairing partner at will,” he says.

Hirao notes that this ability is unique because fluorescent dye Dss and quencher Pn face each other on their respective ssDNA strand, forming an artificial DNA base pair that also works in biological systems. He says that this close proximity results in strong ‘contact quenching’ of the fluorophore.. Fog lights are specially used on foggy days. Side markers are turned on infrared sauna benefits to show the vehicle's turning direction.

Usually, researchers have attached fluorophores and quenchers to natural bases through a linker that mediates so-called fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) between dyes., many corporation of the LED illumination are facing the radiating problem. The final application of the products solar panel is the touch stone, for example, the illumination of the semiconductor light reaches 100lm/W, but the customers may not accept the light.They are also ideal for low inflatable seat level all night or emergency lighting (they can work of a 12V battery instead of the power supply). I have been asked in the past to design lighting for elderly peoples' bedrooms, However, this process lacks efficiency compared to contact quenching.There are a few defects in LED lighting though they are really energy saving. First is its weight. Compared with traditional patio furniture covers , this kind of LED must be much heavier because it is equipped with a cooling fin. Therefore, Also, according to Hirao, unlike the Dss–Pn system, typical fluorophore–quencher pairs cannot be introduced at specific positions in DNA strands using polymerases, limiting their applications.

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